高清大图局部细节 / DETAILS
作品简介
——《哀悼基督》是佛兰德斯画家罗吉尔·凡·德尔·维登于1441年左右创作的画作，现藏于布鲁塞尔的比利时皇家美术馆。该画有许多工作室版本和复制品，其中最著名的是伦敦国家美术馆、马德里普拉多博物馆和那不勒斯曼佐尼收藏馆。红外线和 X 射线证据表明，布鲁塞尔版本是维登亲自绘制的，不一定排除工作室助手的帮助。树木年轮分析表明，橡木板背衬的砍伐日期为 1431 年，支持该画作的年代为 1441 年左右。
坎贝尔和范德斯托克认为，这幅画展示出的技术和美学造诣丝毫不逊于《下十字架》，情感力量相当，构图同样均衡。基督尸体的构思与《下十字架》类似，非常自然，下垂的手臂和无力的手指是范德魏登敏锐观察的典型特征。基督手腕明显变长，有人解释说这是助手的无能，但这也可能是基督被钉在十字架上的结果，这是范德魏登特有的写实细节。
尽管布鲁塞尔版有相当多的仿制品，但只有少数是直接基于该版的。只有在海牙雷德梅克斯收藏、安特卫普梅耶尔博物馆和那不勒斯曼佐尼收藏的版本中才能看到直接联系。曼佐尼版融合了布鲁塞尔版、马德里版和柏林国立博物馆收藏的另一个版本的特色。
Pietàis a painting by the Flemish artistRogier van der Weydendating from about 1441 held in theRoyal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels. There are number of workshop versions and copies, notably in theNational Gallery, London, in thePrado, Madrid, and in the Manzoni Collection, Naples.[2]Infrared and X-radiograph evidence suggest that the Brussels version was painted by van der Weyden himself, not necessarily excluding the help of workshop assistants.[3]Dendrochronologicalanalysis gives a felling date of 1431 for the oak panel backing, supporting the dating of the painting to around 1441.
Campbell & van der Stock describe the painting as evincing a technical and aesthetic mastery in no way inferior to that ofThe Descent from the Cross, of comparable emotional force and controlled by an equally strongly balanced composition. Christ's dead body is conceived in a similarly natural way as in theDescent, the dangling arms and limp fingers typical of van der Weyden's acute observation. The conspicuous elongation of Christ's wrists has been explained away as the ineptness of an assistant, but equally it might be a consequence of Christ's hanging on the Cross, the kind of realistic detail characteristic of van der Weyden.
Although a fair number of imitations were made of the Brussels version, only a few were based directly on it. A direct connection can be seen only in the versions belonging to the Rademakers collection in The Hague, theMuseum Mayer van den Bergh, Antwerp, and the Manzoni collection, Naples. The Manzoni version combines features from the Brussels version as well as those of the Madrid version and another in theStaatliche Museen, Berlin.
